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A Retrospective Study on the Effects of Types of Management for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
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| Author:
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NURUL JAMLUDIN, DR. WAN AHMAD HAZIM WAN GHAZALI, NURDIANA JAMIL, AINA YAZRIN ALI NASIRUDDIN, MALYANA ANIS MANSOR, NOR NORNABILAH AZMAN
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| Abstract:
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy and is associated with increased risk of complications for mother and neonates during pregnancy and birth. This study investigated the effects of current types of management received in GDM patient on the maternal and neonatal outcomes. A retrospective study using convenient sampling was conducted on GDM patients and their respective neonates in Hospital Putrajaya. Data collection was done by reviewing antenatal record books and neonatal medical records. A total of 137 GDM patients and 137 neonates of GDM patients were included in this study. The mean maternal age of the study population was 32.50±4.55 years with majority of them were obese. The most frequent risk factors for GDM observed in the studied population was maternal age of more than 25 years old (90.5%) followed by multiparity (70.1%), family history of DM (45.3%), obesity (41.6%) and previous history of GDM (21.2%). The maternal outcomes of GDM that have been identified in this study were caesarean birth (42.3%), increase in number of antenatal visits to healthcare professional (23.4%), having abnormal weight gain (16.8%), preterm delivery (2.9%) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) (2.9%). There were five common neonatal outcomes discovered in this study which were jaundice (52.6%), NICU admission (19.7%), macrosomia (2.9%), preterm born (4.4%) and hypoglycaemia (9.5%). There were significant differences in the RBS level reading between pre and during treatment for both insulin-treated (p<0.001) and diet-treated group (p<0.001). Our study had revealed a strong association between types of GDM management received with the number of antenatal visits to the healthcare professional (p = 0.02) but there were no association found with the other maternal outcomes. Types of management were found to be associated with meonatal hypoglycaemia, jaundice and NICU admission. Different types of management demonstrated different outcome in the maternal and occurrence pattern of neonatal hypoglycaemia, neonatal jaundice and NICU admission.
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| Keyword:
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Gestational Diabetes, Maternal Outcomes, Neonatal Outcomes, Effect Therapy
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.03.279
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| Download:
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