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Interferon and Therapy
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| Author:
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AROKIA RAJKUMAR RAJKUMAR, N.P. MURALIDHARAN, ANITHA ROY
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| Abstract:
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Interferons are a group of soluble glycoproteins produced and released from cells as a response to viral infections. They are named as such due to their ability to ‘interfere’ with the viral cell production.There are three forms of interferons- Type I, Type II and Type III. Type I interferons consist of IFN-a, IFN-ß, IFN-?, IFN-?, IFN-e that are induced by cytokines and act/bind on the IFNAR receptor. Type II interferon consists only of IFN-? and is mostly produced by NK cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and B cells. In addition to the antiviral property, they also have antiproliferative effects on tumours. Type III interferon has four types of IFN-? that act through an FNGR receptor. Interferon has wide activity as an antiviral, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative agent- effectively preventing cancers, chronic viral infections and threatening diseases. Interferon can be applied as systemic or topical based on the treatment to be rendered to the patient- although topical had slight to no side effects. Recently, IFN-ß-1b and IFN-a2b have been studied for their properties in the growing COVID-19 pandemic and have proved to be effective as they show faster relief than other drugs. Although it has various advantages, interferon therapy includes numerous side effects like anxiety, depression, alopecia; mainly causing neurotoxicity and haematotoxicity-neutropenia. Some of these side effects are short and manageable but others may be long and persist after treatment also. Further studies on interferons would be prospective and can treat a wide variety of human disorders.
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| Keyword:
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Interferon; Therapy; COVID-19; Side effects; antiviral.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP1.003
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| Download:
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